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Assumptions

The Problem问题

如果我们在 PDB 中创建服务，这些服务将在基于原始 PDB 的任何新 PDB 中重新创建。如果共享同一侦听器的多个 PDB 尝试使用相同的服务名称，则可能会出现问题。

为了演示这一点，请在现有 PDB 中创建一些新服务。

CONN / AS SYSDBA
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=pdb1;

BEGIN
  DBMS_SERVICE.create_service('my_new_service_1','my_new_service_1');
  DBMS_SERVICE.start_service('my_new_service_1');

  DBMS_SERVICE.create_service('my_new_service_2','my_new_service_2');
  DBMS_SERVICE.start_service('my_new_service_2');
END;
/


SELECT name
FROM dba_services
ORDER BY name;

NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------
PDB1
my_new_service_1
my_new_service_2

现在在现有 PDB 的基础上创建一个新的 PDB。请注意，当我们切换到 PDB 时，服务名称已重复。

CONN / AS SYSDBA

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 FROM pdb1;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 OPEN;

ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=pdb2;

SELECT name
FROM dba_services
ORDER BY name;

NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------
PDB2
my_new_service_1
my_new_service_2

连接到服务总是将我们连接到原来的PDB，而我们无法切换到新PDB中的服务。

CONN sys/SysPassword1@//localhost:1521/my_new_service_1 AS SYSDBA

SHOW CON_NAME

CON_NAME
------------------------------
PDB1
SQL>


CONN sys/SysPassword1@//localhost:1521/my_new_service_2 AS SYSDBA

SHOW CON_NAME

CON_NAME
------------------------------
PDB1
SQL>


ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=pdb2 SERVICE=my_new_service_1;
ERROR:
ORA-44787: Service cannot be switched into.

Rename Services During PDB Creation

解决方案是在 PDB 创建期间重命名服务，我们通过使用 CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE 语句的SERVICE_NAME_CONVERT 子句来完成此操作。与大多数转换参数一样，我们提供了一个以逗号分隔的列表，表示“from”和“to”转换值。

重新创建可插入数据库，但这次重命名服务。

CONN / AS SYSDBA

-- Remove the PDB.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 CLOSE;
DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 INCLUDING DATAFILES;


-- Create the PDB, renaming the services.
CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 FROM pdb1
  SERVICE_NAME_CONVERT=('my_new_service_1','my_new_service_1b','my_new_service_2','my_new_service_2b');

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 OPEN;


-- Check the services.
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=pdb2;

SELECT name
FROM dba_services
ORDER BY name;

NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------
PDB2
my_new_service_1b
my_new_service_2b

SQL>


-- Start the services.
BEGIN
DBMS_SERVICE.start_service('my_new_service_1b');
DBMS_SERVICE.start_service('my_new_service_2b');
END;
/

新服务到位后，我们可以根据服务决定连接到哪个 PDB。

CONN sys/SysPassword1@//localhost:1521/my_new_service_1 AS SYSDBA

SHOW CON_NAME

CON_NAME
------------------------------
PDB1
SQL>


CONN sys/SysPassword1@//localhost:1521/my_new_service_1b AS SYSDBA

SHOW CON_NAME

CON_NAME
------------------------------
PDB2
SQL>


ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=pdb2 SERVICE=my_new_service_1b;

Session altered.

SQL>